Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (PLMD) and Restless Legs Syndrome: Overview

Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (PLMD)

Repeated body movements characterize periodic limb movement disorder. These movements may occur in the toes, feet, ankles and/or legs, during sleep. A person may be unaware of these movements during sleep, but a sleep partner may notice them.

This disorder is common in older adults and in people with restless legs syndrome.

Restless Legs Syndrome 

Restless legs syndrome occurs during periods of inactivity. It is an uncomfortable feeling in the lower legs, and less often in the arms. These feelings have been described as "creeping," "crawling," or "aching." Moving the legs or walking relieves these feelings. However, they quickly recur when leg motion stops. Restless legs syndrome can make it hard for a person to fall asleep when it occurs at bedtime. It can also cause frequent awakenings during the night and then make it hard to return to sleep.

Five to 15 percent of people have restless legs syndrome. More women are affected than men. Restless legs syndrome is more common in people with anemia, kidney problems, and during pregnancy.

Treatment

Medicines are available for people with symptoms. Ask your doctor what medicines would be best for you.

Low blood levels of iron can also cause these disorders. If an iron deficiency is present, medicines to increase iron may be given. Caffeine, nicotine or alcohol can make these disorders worse.

This information has been approved by Teofilo Lee-Chiong, Jr, MD (September 2009).